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Tales of the American Spirit: The Four Chaplains

Published on
January 14, 2025 at 2:56:00 PM PST January 14, 2025 at 2:56:00 PM PSTth, January 14, 2025 at 2:56:00 PM PST

World War II was among the darkest chapters in human history, yet it also revealed extraordinary acts of courage. Amid the tragedy, countless brave Americans rose to defend freedom. Among their inspiring stories is the unforgettable tale of the four chaplains.  


While sailing in the North Atlantic, their ship was attacked by a German U-boat, killing many onboard. Faced with certain death, these brave men united, performing numerous selfless acts for the soldiers around them. Let’s explore the somber history and exemplary actions that made these now immortal chaplains into American heroes. 


What is Four Chaplains Day? 


On February 3, we observe Four Chaplains Day, which pays tribute to four U.S. Army chaplains who helped save the lives of hundreds of men abroad in the U.S.A.T. Dorchester. Their names were Lt. George L. Fox, Lt. Alexander D. Goode, Lt. Clark V. Poling, and Lt. John P. Washington, and each of them represented a different faith. 


During the sinking of the USAT Dorchester, a converted troop ship that was attacked by a German submarine in 1943, nearly 674 of the 900 onboard lost their lives. Considered one of the deadliest attacks of World War II, several more would have lost their lives had it not been for the heroism of the four chaplains. 


On February 3, 1952, President Truman dedicated the Chapel of the Four Chaplains in Philadelphia, marking what would become Four Chaplains Day. On this day, we remember the bravery and selflessness of the chaplains, who, although they held different faiths, rallied together to provide peace and comfort when they needed it most. 


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Who Were the Four Chaplains? 



The four chaplains aboard the ill-fated Dorchester were all from different denominations, but each held equal respect for the other. They were: 


  • Lt. John Washington, 34, was a Roman Catholic priest from New Jersey, who overcame poor eyesight to join the Army after being rejected by the Navy. 

  • Lt. Clark Poling, 32, was a Reformed Church in America minister from Ohio who sought to fight for his country through his faith. 

  • Lt. Alexander Goode, 31, was a Reform Jewish rabbi from New York who joined the Army’s Air Force after the attack on Pearl Harbor and fought to serve on the front lines. 

  • Lt. George Fox, 42, was a Methodist minister from Pennsylvania who enlisted as a chaplain immediately after learning of the attack on Pearl Harbor. 

Each chaplain’s story reflects a path of faith, courage, and dedication, culminating in their shared heroic act of selflessness. 


What Happened on the USAT Dorchester?


The ship the chaplains were on was named the Dorchester, and it was on its way to Greenland from Newfoundland. It was a dangerous journey that took them through waters that were full of German U-boats. To help calm their nerves, the chaplains spent much of their time comforting the soldiers, even putting on a variety show to make the time pass faster. 


Slightly after midnight on February 3, the ship was hit by a torpedo, taking out the engine room. Since the power was cut, the crew couldn’t alert those onboard or communicate evacuation orders. 


Chaos quickly took over, with many trying to board lifeboats, which were capsizing from the weight or falling into the ocean as the ship swayed and began to sink. Due to their time spent with the soldiers, the chaplains had developed trust and respect, which they used to help with the rescue efforts. They quickly lept into action, calming the soldiers, helping them board lifeboats, and giving them their life jackets when they ran out.

 

Although the Coast Guard responded to the distress signal, the ship sank in only 20 minutes, killing hundreds on board. However, due to the Chaplain’s sacrifice, almost 300 soldiers were saved, an act of true selflessness and bravery. 


To honor their sacrifice, each Chaplain was awarded the Purple Heart and Distinguished Service Cross posthumously. Congress also unsuccessfully tried to award them the Medal of Honor, but their efforts didn’t meet the strict guidelines for the award. However, an Act of Congress was later approved, awarding the chaplains with a Special Medal called the Four Chaplains Medal for Heroism. 


What is the Significance of their Actions? 


Four Chaplains Day showcases the importance of multi-denominational unity. It shows that no matter the religion, people of all faiths can come together with mutual respect and understanding. The actions the chaplains took together in their final moments as a great example and reminder of how people can bring comfort and peace to others in times of difficulty. 


Ultimately, love, bravery, and selflessness are more powerful than fear. In response to their bravery, the Four Chaplains Memorial Foundation was established, ensuring that no one would be discriminated against because of their religion. 


How to Celebrate Four Chaplains Day 


Here are meaningful ways to commemorate Four Chaplains Day and honor their extraordinary courage and sacrifice: 


Attend (or host) a Memorial Service 


The American Legion posts throughout the country host memorial services for the four chaplains on February 3 each year. You can attend one or make your own to honor their brave acts of heroism. The Four Chaplains Memorial Foundation can provide suggestions if you plan to host your own service. 


Share Their Story 


Sharing the story of the Chaplain’s bravery is one of the best ways to honor their sacrifice. You can tell it to your family and friends to ensure they understand the full weight of American freedom. 


Hang Up Your Army Flag 


While every branch of the military is vital to our country’s safety, you can show your appreciation for the four chaplains by hanging a U.S. Army flag. Since this is the beach they served in, it’s a great way to honor their memories. 


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